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IN THEORY, WOMEN IN THE SOVIET UNION enjoyed full emancipation; in practice, however, they bore the "double burden" of child care and household chores on the one hand and full-time employment on the other. A never-ending demand for labor drew more and more women into the work force, while early attempts to shift domestic responsibilities onto the collective came to naught and traditional values regarding the division of labor within the home continued to hold sway.